# Engine definition. Dimensional keys state their units. schema_version = 2 id = "big-carb" name = "8.0 litre / carbureted big-block" category = "V8 / big-block" description = "Cross-plane firing / American 4-2-1 + H / carb fuel transport" order = 29 cycle = "four_stroke" [simulation] cells_per_meter = 20.0 [engine] bank_angle_deg = 90.0 cylinders = 8 initial_rpm = 1120.0 initialize_phased_charge = true layout = "v" maximum_load_torque_nm = 30.0 minimum_substeps = 1 phase_degrees = [0.0, 450.0, 270.0, 540.0, 630.0, 360.0, 180.0, 89.99998] pipe_damping = 1.0 starter_torque_nm = 201.1122 throttle_diameter_mm = 85.0 topology = "american_v8" [cylinder] afr = 14.7 ambient_temperature_k = 300.0 bore_mm = 114.3 burn_duration_deg = 65.0 burn_start_deg = 5.0 compression = 9.0 energy_variation = 0.05 exhaust_valve_count = 1 exhaust_valve_diameter_mm = 36.576 fuel_lhv_j_per_kg = 4.4e+07 heat_transfer = 100.0 intake_valve_count = 1 intake_valve_diameter_mm = 43.434 misfire_probability = 0.0 rod_mm = 176.4 stroke_mm = 98.0 wall_area = 0.02 wiebe_a = 5.0 wiebe_m = 2.0 [crankshaft] friction_constant_nm = 32.17795 friction_quadratic_nm_s2 = 0.0 friction_viscous_nm_s = 0.03217795 inertia_kg_m2 = 0.9653385 [ecu] idle_base_opening = 0.07 idle_control = "fixed" idle_ki = 4e-05 idle_kp = 0.0001 idle_max_opening = 0.25 idle_minimum_advance_deg = -5.0 idle_rpm = 800.0 idle_spark_gain = 0.02 ignition_map = [[0.0, 10.0], [750.0, 12.0], [2500.0, 28.0], [4000.0, 32.0], [6000.0, 30.0]] overrun_cut_rpm = 2000.0 overrun_fuel_cut_enabled = false overrun_ignition_cut_enabled = true overrun_resume_rpm = 1100.0 power_afr = 12.8 rev_limit_enabled = true rev_limit_fuel_cut_enabled = false rev_limit_rpm = 7000.0 rev_resume_rpm = 6750.0 stoichiometric_afr = 14.7 throttle_closing_rate = 0.0 throttle_closing_time_constant_s = 0.0 throttle_rate = 1000.0 throttle_time_constant_s = 0.001 [vehicle] air_density = 1.225 clutch_capacity = 1769.787 clutch_engagement_rate = 8.0 drag_coefficient = 0.4 final_drive_ratio = 3.623529 frontal_area = 2.0 gear_ratios = [3.35, 1.93, 1.29, 1.0, 0.68] gravity = 9.80665 mass_kg = 1400.0 primary_reduction = 1.0 rolling_resistance = 0.015 rotational_inertia_kg_m2 = 1.2 wheel_radius_mm = 320.0 [fuel] system = "carburetor" pilot_jet_diameter_mm = 0.2337673 main_jet_diameter_mm = 4.524528 needle_jet_diameter_mm = 4.656493 needle_low_scale = 0.6 needle_mid_scale = 0.65 needle_off_idle_scale = 0.964 needle_quarter_scale = 0.64 needle_tip_scale = 0.782 needle_transition_scale = 0.89 needle_upper_scale = 0.76 bowl_capacity_kg = 0.1 bowl_refill_kg_per_s = 0.1 [junctions] h_pipe = true [[pipes]] id = "intake" diameter_mm = 70.0 [[pipes]] id = "runners" count = 8 diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primaries" count = 8 diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "secondaries" count = 4 diameter_mm = 45.0 [[pipes]] id = "bank_collectors" count = 2 diameter_mm = 50.0 [[pipes]] id = "tailpipes" count = 2 diameter_mm = 50.0 [[pipes]] id = "crossover" diameter_mm = 38.0 [cam.intake] points = [ [0.000, 0.000000], [350.000, 0.000000], [355.000, 0.266213], [360.000, 0.996153], [365.000, 2.086769], [370.000, 3.435011], [375.000, 4.937829], [380.000, 6.492171], [385.000, 7.994989], [390.000, 9.343231], [395.000, 10.433847], [400.000, 11.163787], [405.000, 11.430000], [515.000, 11.430000], [520.000, 11.163787], [525.000, 10.433847], [530.000, 9.343231], [535.000, 7.994989], [540.000, 6.492171], [545.000, 4.937829], [550.000, 3.435011], [555.000, 2.086769], [560.000, 0.996153], [565.000, 0.266213], [570.000, 0.000000], [720.000, 0.000000] ] [cam.exhaust] points = [ [0.000, 0.000000], [140.000, 0.000000], [145.000, 0.219826], [150.000, 0.825192], [155.000, 1.734933], [160.000, 2.867881], [165.000, 4.142870], [170.000, 5.478734], [175.000, 6.794307], [180.000, 8.008421], [185.000, 9.039912], [190.000, 9.807611], [195.000, 10.230353], [197.500, 10.287000], [312.500, 10.287000], [317.500, 10.067174], [322.500, 9.461808], [327.500, 8.552067], [332.500, 7.419119], [337.500, 6.144130], [342.500, 4.808266], [347.500, 3.492693], [352.500, 2.278579], [357.500, 1.247088], [362.500, 0.479389], [367.500, 0.056647], [370.000, 0.000000], [720.000, 0.000000] ] [valves.intake] mass_g = 35.0 spring_rate_n_per_mm = 38.0 damping_n_s_per_m = 24.0 seat_force_n = 75.0 maximum_lift_mm = 15.0 seat_restitution = 0.005 cam_restitution = 0.01 stop_restitution = 0.01 [valves.exhaust] mass_g = 35.0 spring_rate_n_per_mm = 38.0 damping_n_s_per_m = 24.0 seat_force_n = 75.0 maximum_lift_mm = 15.0 seat_restitution = 0.005 cam_restitution = 0.01 stop_restitution = 0.01 [valve_sound] mode_hz = 3600.0 effective_mass_g = 180.0 radiation_area_cm2 = 10.0 damping_ratio = 0.9 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -198.45, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -45.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -66.15, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -45.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 66.15, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -45.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 198.45, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -45.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -198.45, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 45.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -66.15, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 45.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 66.15, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 45.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 198.45, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 45.0 # intake [[geometry.pipes]] index = 0 points_mm = [ [ -444.6, 334.9036, 0 ], [ -264.6, 334.9036, 0 ] ] # runners 1 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 1 points_mm = [ [ -198.45, 314.716, -130.0582 ], [ -198.45, 194.716, -130.0582 ] ] # runners 2 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 2 points_mm = [ [ -66.15, 314.716, -130.0582 ], [ -66.15, 194.716, -130.0582 ] ] # runners 3 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 3 points_mm = [ [ 66.15, 314.716, -130.0582 ], [ 66.15, 194.716, -130.0582 ] ] # runners 4 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 4 points_mm = [ [ 198.45, 314.716, -130.0582 ], [ 198.45, 194.716, -130.0582 ] ] # runners 5 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 5 points_mm = [ [ -198.45, 314.716, 130.0582 ], [ -198.45, 194.716, 130.0582 ] ] # runners 6 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 6 points_mm = [ [ -66.15, 314.716, 130.0582 ], [ -66.15, 194.716, 130.0582 ] ] # runners 7 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 7 points_mm = [ [ 66.15, 314.716, 130.0582 ], [ 66.15, 194.716, 130.0582 ] ] # runners 8 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 8 points_mm = [ [ 198.45, 314.716, 130.0582 ], [ 198.45, 194.716, 130.0582 ] ] # primaries 1 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 9 points_mm = [ [ -198.45, 121.9759, -202.7982 ], [ -197.0012, 111.4774, -210.8704 ], [ -192.907, 102.0521, -218.6645 ], [ -186.5452, 93.5225, -226.147 ], [ -178.2937, 85.7113, -233.2843 ], [ -168.5305, 78.441, -240.0431 ], [ -157.6335, 71.5342, -246.3898 ], [ -145.9807, 64.8134, -252.291 ], [ -133.9499, 58.1011, -257.7131 ], [ -121.9191, 51.2201, -262.6227 ], [ -110.2663, 43.9927, -266.9864 ], [ -99.3693, 36.2416, -270.7706 ], [ -89.6061, 27.7894, -273.9418 ], [ -81.3546, 18.4586, -276.4666 ], [ -74.9928, 8.0717, -278.3115 ], [ -70.8985, -3.5486, -279.443 ], [ -69.4498, -16.5798, -279.8276 ] ] # primaries 2 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 10 points_mm = [ [ -66.15, 121.9759, -202.7982 ], [ -66.0127, 113.4631, -209.2701 ], [ -65.6247, 105.1542, -215.8763 ], [ -65.0218, 97.0014, -222.5408 ], [ -64.2399, 88.9567, -229.1874 ], [ -63.3147, 80.9722, -235.7399 ], [ -62.282, 73.0001, -242.1222 ], [ -61.1777, 64.9925, -248.2581 ], [ -60.0376, 56.9014, -254.0714 ], [ -58.8975, 48.6789, -259.486 ], [ -57.7932, 40.2772, -264.4258 ], [ -56.7605, 31.6483, -268.8146 ], [ -55.8353, 22.7444, -272.5762 ], [ -55.0534, 13.5175, -275.6344 ], [ -54.4505, 3.9198, -277.9132 ], [ -54.0625, -6.0967, -279.3363 ], [ -53.9252, -16.5798, -279.8276 ] ] # primaries 3 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 11 points_mm = [ [ 66.15, 121.9759, -202.7982 ], [ 67.5987, 111.4774, -210.8704 ], [ 71.693, 102.0521, -218.6645 ], [ 78.0548, 93.5225, -226.147 ], [ 86.3063, 85.7113, -233.2843 ], [ 96.0695, 78.441, -240.0431 ], [ 106.9665, 71.5342, -246.3898 ], [ 118.6193, 64.8134, -252.291 ], [ 130.6501, 58.1011, -257.7131 ], [ 142.6809, 51.2201, -262.6227 ], [ 154.3337, 43.9927, -266.9864 ], [ 165.2307, 36.2416, -270.7706 ], [ 174.9939, 27.7894, -273.9418 ], [ 183.2454, 18.4586, -276.4666 ], [ 189.6072, 8.0717, -278.3115 ], [ 193.7014, -3.5486, -279.443 ], [ 195.1502, -16.5798, -279.8276 ] ] # primaries 4 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 12 points_mm = [ [ 198.45, 121.9759, -202.7982 ], [ 198.5873, 113.4631, -209.2701 ], [ 198.9753, 105.1542, -215.8763 ], [ 199.5782, 97.0014, -222.5408 ], [ 200.3601, 88.9567, -229.1874 ], [ 201.2853, 80.9722, -235.7399 ], [ 202.318, 73.0001, -242.1222 ], [ 203.4223, 64.9925, -248.2581 ], [ 204.5624, 56.9014, -254.0714 ], [ 205.7025, 48.6789, -259.486 ], [ 206.8068, 40.2772, -264.4258 ], [ 207.8394, 31.6483, -268.8146 ], [ 208.7647, 22.7444, -272.5762 ], [ 209.5466, 13.5175, -275.6344 ], [ 210.1495, 3.9198, -277.9132 ], [ 210.5375, -6.0967, -279.3363 ], [ 210.6748, -16.5798, -279.8276 ] ] # primaries 5 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 13 points_mm = [ [ -198.45, 121.9759, 202.7982 ], [ -197.277, 108.2502, 212.6484 ], [ -193.869, 94.7077, 221.8246 ], [ -188.3921, 81.4455, 230.332 ], [ -181.0126, 68.5602, 238.1762 ], [ -171.8968, 56.1489, 245.3622 ], [ -161.2109, 44.3085, 251.8955 ], [ -149.1211, 33.1359, 257.7814 ], [ -135.7937, 22.7279, 263.0251 ], [ -121.395, 13.1814, 267.632 ], [ -106.0911, 4.5935, 271.6075 ], [ -90.0483, -2.9391, 274.9567 ], [ -73.433, -9.3194, 277.6851 ], [ -56.4112, -14.4506, 279.7979 ], [ -39.1493, -18.2357, 281.3005 ], [ -21.8136, -20.5778, 282.1981 ], [ -4.5702, -21.38, 282.4962 ] ] # primaries 6 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 14 points_mm = [ [ -66.15, 121.9759, 202.7982 ], [ -64.977, 108.2502, 212.6484 ], [ -61.569, 94.7077, 221.8246 ], [ -56.0921, 81.4455, 230.332 ], [ -48.7126, 68.5602, 238.1762 ], [ -39.5968, 56.1489, 245.3622 ], [ -28.9109, 44.3085, 251.8955 ], [ -16.8211, 33.1359, 257.7814 ], [ -3.4937, 22.7279, 263.0251 ], [ 10.905, 13.1814, 267.632 ], [ 26.2089, 4.5935, 271.6075 ], [ 42.2516, -2.9391, 274.9567 ], [ 58.867, -9.3194, 277.6851 ], [ 75.8888, -14.4506, 279.7979 ], [ 93.1506, -18.2357, 281.3005 ], [ 110.4864, -20.5778, 282.1981 ], [ 127.7298, -21.38, 282.4962 ] ] # primaries 7 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 15 points_mm = [ [ 66.15, 121.9759, 202.7982 ], [ 65.6316, 113.1956, 209.4857 ], [ 64.1664, 104.7363, 216.2519 ], [ 61.8898, 96.5327, 223.0266 ], [ 58.937, 88.5195, 229.7393 ], [ 55.4433, 80.6312, 236.3196 ], [ 51.5438, 72.8027, 242.6971 ], [ 47.3738, 64.9684, 248.8014 ], [ 43.0685, 57.063, 254.562 ], [ 38.7633, 49.0212, 259.9086 ], [ 34.5933, 40.7777, 264.7708 ], [ 30.6938, 32.2671, 269.0781 ], [ 27.2, 23.424, 272.7602 ], [ 24.2472, 14.1831, 275.7465 ], [ 21.9706, 4.4791, 277.9668 ], [ 20.5055, -5.7534, 279.3506 ], [ 19.9871, -16.5798, 279.8276 ] ] # primaries 8 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 16 points_mm = [ [ 198.45, 121.9759, 202.7982 ], [ 197.9315, 113.1956, 209.4857 ], [ 196.4664, 104.7363, 216.2519 ], [ 194.1898, 96.5327, 223.0266 ], [ 191.237, 88.5195, 229.7393 ], [ 187.7432, 80.6312, 236.3196 ], [ 183.8437, 72.8027, 242.6971 ], [ 179.6738, 64.9684, 248.8014 ], [ 175.3685, 57.063, 254.562 ], [ 171.0633, 49.0212, 259.9086 ], [ 166.8933, 40.7777, 264.7708 ], [ 162.9938, 32.2671, 269.0781 ], [ 159.5, 23.424, 272.7602 ], [ 156.5472, 14.1831, 275.7465 ], [ 154.2706, 4.4791, 277.9668 ], [ 152.8055, -5.7534, 279.3506 ], [ 152.2871, -16.5798, 279.8276 ] ] # secondaries 1 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 17 points_mm = [ [ -33.8798, -36.9883, -290.0681 ], [ -8.445, -37.449, -290.0681 ], [ 16.3173, -38.751, -290.0681 ], [ 40.5034, -40.7741, -290.0681 ], [ 64.209, -43.3982, -290.0681 ], [ 87.5305, -46.503, -290.0681 ], [ 110.5638, -49.9683, -290.0681 ], [ 133.4049, -53.6741, -290.0681 ], [ 156.15, -57.5, -290.0681 ], [ 178.8951, -61.3259, -290.0681 ], [ 201.7362, -65.0317, -290.0681 ], [ 224.7695, -68.497, -290.0681 ], [ 248.0909, -71.6018, -290.0681 ], [ 271.7966, -74.2259, -290.0681 ], [ 295.9826, -76.249, -290.0681 ], [ 320.745, -77.551, -290.0681 ], [ 346.1798, -78.0117, -290.0681 ] ] # secondaries 2 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 18 points_mm = [ [ 230.7201, -40.4426, -290.0681 ], [ 238.6832, -40.8257, -290.0681 ], [ 246.3475, -41.9085, -290.0681 ], [ 253.7557, -43.5909, -290.0681 ], [ 260.9506, -45.773, -290.0681 ], [ 267.9748, -48.355, -290.0681 ], [ 274.871, -51.2367, -290.0681 ], [ 281.6818, -54.3184, -290.0681 ], [ 288.45, -57.5, -290.0681 ], [ 295.2181, -60.6816, -290.0681 ], [ 302.029, -63.7633, -290.0681 ], [ 308.9251, -66.645, -290.0681 ], [ 315.9494, -69.227, -290.0681 ], [ 323.1442, -71.4091, -290.0681 ], [ 330.5525, -73.0915, -290.0681 ], [ 338.2168, -74.1743, -290.0681 ], [ 346.1798, -74.5574, -290.0681 ] ] # secondaries 3 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 19 points_mm = [ [ 32.2702, -37.3632, 290.0681 ], [ 53.3195, -37.8155, 290.0681 ], [ 73.7968, -39.0937, 290.0681 ], [ 93.7839, -41.0799, 290.0681 ], [ 113.3624, -43.656, 290.0681 ], [ 132.614, -46.704, 290.0681 ], [ 151.6206, -50.106, 290.0681 ], [ 170.4636, -53.744, 290.0681 ], [ 189.225, -57.5, 290.0681 ], [ 207.9864, -61.256, 290.0681 ], [ 226.8294, -64.894, 290.0681 ], [ 245.8359, -68.296, 290.0681 ], [ 265.0875, -71.344, 290.0681 ], [ 284.6661, -73.9201, 290.0681 ], [ 304.6531, -75.9063, 290.0681 ], [ 325.1305, -77.1845, 290.0681 ], [ 346.1798, -77.6368, 290.0681 ] ] # secondaries 4 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 20 points_mm = [ [ 164.5702, -38.7945, 290.0681 ], [ 176.8768, -39.2146, 290.0681 ], [ 188.801, -40.402, 290.0681 ], [ 200.3974, -42.247, 290.0681 ], [ 211.7207, -44.64, 290.0681 ], [ 222.8255, -47.4714, 290.0681 ], [ 233.7664, -50.6316, 290.0681 ], [ 244.598, -54.011, 290.0681 ], [ 255.375, -57.5, 290.0681 ], [ 266.152, -60.989, 290.0681 ], [ 276.9836, -64.3684, 290.0681 ], [ 287.9245, -67.5286, 290.0681 ], [ 299.0292, -70.36, 290.0681 ], [ 310.3525, -72.753, 290.0681 ], [ 321.9489, -74.598, 290.0681 ], [ 333.8732, -75.7854, 290.0681 ], [ 346.1798, -76.2055, 290.0681 ] ] # bank_collectors 1 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 21 points_mm = [ [ 383.0201, -80, -294.0319 ], [ 417.8478, -80, -295.272 ], [ 451.5734, -80, -298.7767 ], [ 484.3543, -80, -304.2224 ], [ 516.3481, -80, -311.2857 ], [ 547.7121, -80, -319.643 ], [ 578.6038, -80, -328.9709 ], [ 609.1806, -80, -338.9457 ], [ 639.6, -80, -349.2441 ], [ 670.0194, -80, -359.5425 ], [ 700.5962, -80, -369.5174 ], [ 731.4879, -80, -378.8453 ], [ 762.852, -80, -387.2026 ], [ 794.8456, -80, -394.2659 ], [ 827.6266, -80, -399.7116 ], [ 861.3521, -80, -403.2163 ], [ 896.1799, -80, -404.4564 ] ] # bank_collectors 2 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 22 points_mm = [ [ 383.0201, -80, 294.0319 ], [ 417.8478, -80, 295.272 ], [ 451.5734, -80, 298.7767 ], [ 484.3543, -80, 304.2224 ], [ 516.3481, -80, 311.2857 ], [ 547.7121, -80, 319.643 ], [ 578.6038, -80, 328.9709 ], [ 609.1806, -80, 338.9457 ], [ 639.6, -80, 349.2441 ], [ 670.0194, -80, 359.5425 ], [ 700.5962, -80, 369.5174 ], [ 731.4879, -80, 378.8453 ], [ 762.852, -80, 387.2026 ], [ 794.8456, -80, 394.2659 ], [ 827.6266, -80, 399.7116 ], [ 861.3521, -80, 403.2163 ], [ 896.1799, -80, 404.4564 ] ] # tailpipes 1 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 23 points_mm = [ [ 933.0202, -80, -408.4201 ], [ 2183.0201, -80, -408.4201 ] ] # tailpipes 2 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 24 points_mm = [ [ 933.0202, -80, 408.4201 ], [ 2183.0201, -80, 408.4201 ] ] # crossover [[geometry.pipes]] index = 25 points_mm = [ [ 914.6, -80, -390 ], [ 914.6, -80, 390 ] ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "intake_plenum" center_mm = [ 0, 334.9036, 0 ] size_mm = [ 529.2, 40.3753, 374.4163 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_0" center_mm = [ -52.3, -35, -290.0681 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_1" center_mm = [ 212.3, -35, -290.0681 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_2" center_mm = [ 13.85, -35, 290.0681 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_3" center_mm = [ 146.15, -35, 290.0681 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_4" center_mm = [ 364.6, -80, -290.0681 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_5" center_mm = [ 364.6, -80, 290.0681 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_6" center_mm = [ 914.6, -80, -408.4201 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_7" center_mm = [ 914.6, -80, 408.4201 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ]