# Engine definition. Dimensional keys state their units. schema_version = 2 id = "v12" name = "250-inspired / 3.0 V12" category = "V12" description = "Separate six-cylinder banks / junction collectors / dual outlets" order = 31 cycle = "four_stroke" [simulation] cells_per_meter = 20.0 [engine] bank_angle_deg = 60.0 cylinders = 12 initial_rpm = 1400.0 initialize_phased_charge = true layout = "v" maximum_load_torque_nm = 30.0 minimum_substeps = 1 phase_degrees = [0.0, 600.0, 480.0, 360.0, 240.0, 120.0, 660.0, 540.0, 420.0, 300.0, 180.0, 59.99998] pipe_damping = 0.0 starter_torque_nm = 73.83022 throttle_diameter_mm = 65.0 topology = "staged" [cylinder] afr = 14.7 ambient_temperature_k = 300.0 bore_mm = 73.0 burn_duration_deg = 60.0 burn_start_deg = 5.0 compression = 10.0 energy_variation = 0.05 exhaust_valve_count = 1 exhaust_valve_diameter_mm = 23.36 fuel_lhv_j_per_kg = 4.4e+07 heat_transfer = 100.0 intake_valve_count = 1 intake_valve_diameter_mm = 27.74 misfire_probability = 0.0 rod_mm = 110.0 stroke_mm = 58.8 wall_area = 0.02 wiebe_a = 5.0 wiebe_m = 2.0 [crankshaft] friction_constant_nm = 11.81283 friction_quadratic_nm_s2 = 0.0 friction_viscous_nm_s = 0.01181284 inertia_kg_m2 = 0.354385 [ecu] idle_base_opening = 0.05 idle_control = "feedback" idle_ki = 4e-05 idle_kp = 0.0001 idle_max_opening = 0.25 idle_minimum_advance_deg = -5.0 idle_rpm = 1000.0 idle_spark_gain = 0.02 ignition_map = [[0.0, 10.0], [15000.0, 40.0]] overrun_cut_rpm = 3500.0 overrun_fuel_cut_enabled = true overrun_ignition_cut_enabled = false overrun_resume_rpm = 2400.0 power_afr = 12.8 rev_limit_enabled = true rev_limit_fuel_cut_enabled = true rev_limit_rpm = 7000.0 rev_resume_rpm = 6750.0 stoichiometric_afr = 14.7 throttle_closing_rate = 0.0 throttle_closing_time_constant_s = 0.0 throttle_rate = 1000.0 throttle_time_constant_s = 0.001 [vehicle] air_density = 1.225 clutch_capacity = 649.7059 clutch_engagement_rate = 8.0 drag_coefficient = 0.7 final_drive_ratio = 2.7 frontal_area = 0.65 gear_ratios = [4.1, 2.7, 2.0, 1.55, 1.25, 0.98] gravity = 9.80665 mass_kg = 1400.0 primary_reduction = 1.8 rolling_resistance = 0.015 rotational_inertia_kg_m2 = 1.2 wheel_radius_mm = 320.0 [fuel] system = "injection" [junctions] h_pipe = true [[pipes]] id = "intake" diameter_mm = 75.0 [[pipes]] id = "runners" count = 12 diameter_mm = 35.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_1" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_2" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_3" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_4" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_5" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_6" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_7" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_8" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_9" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_10" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_11" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "primary_12" diameter_mm = 38.0 [[pipes]] id = "tailpipe_25" diameter_mm = 60.0 [[pipes]] id = "tailpipe_26" diameter_mm = 60.0 [[pipes]] id = "secondary_27" diameter_mm = 48.0 [[pipes]] id = "secondary_28" diameter_mm = 48.0 [cam.intake] points = [ [0.000, 0.000000], [340.000, 0.000000], [345.000, 0.132685], [350.000, 0.500838], [355.000, 1.059610], [360.000, 1.764147], [365.000, 2.569600], [370.000, 3.431117], [375.000, 4.303846], [380.000, 5.142938], [385.000, 5.903539], [390.000, 6.540800], [395.000, 7.009869], [400.000, 7.265894], [402.500, 7.300000], [527.500, 7.300000], [532.500, 7.167315], [537.500, 6.799162], [542.500, 6.240390], [547.500, 5.535853], [552.500, 4.730400], [557.500, 3.868883], [562.500, 2.996154], [567.500, 2.157062], [572.500, 1.396461], [577.500, 0.759200], [582.500, 0.290131], [587.500, 0.034106], [590.000, 0.000000], [720.000, 0.000000] ] [cam.exhaust] points = [ [0.000, 0.000000], [130.000, 0.000000], [135.000, 0.110646], [140.000, 0.418662], [145.000, 0.888161], [150.000, 1.483259], [155.000, 2.168070], [160.000, 2.906709], [165.000, 3.663291], [170.000, 4.401930], [175.000, 5.086741], [180.000, 5.681839], [185.000, 6.151338], [190.000, 6.459354], [195.000, 6.570000], [325.000, 6.570000], [330.000, 6.459354], [335.000, 6.151338], [340.000, 5.681839], [345.000, 5.086741], [350.000, 4.401930], [355.000, 3.663291], [360.000, 2.906709], [365.000, 2.168070], [370.000, 1.483259], [375.000, 0.888161], [380.000, 0.418662], [385.000, 0.110646], [390.000, 0.000000], [720.000, 0.000000] ] [valves.intake] mass_g = 35.0 spring_rate_n_per_mm = 38.0 damping_n_s_per_m = 24.0 seat_force_n = 75.0 maximum_lift_mm = 15.0 seat_restitution = 0.005 cam_restitution = 0.01 stop_restitution = 0.01 [valves.exhaust] mass_g = 35.0 spring_rate_n_per_mm = 38.0 damping_n_s_per_m = 24.0 seat_force_n = 75.0 maximum_lift_mm = 15.0 seat_restitution = 0.005 cam_restitution = 0.01 stop_restitution = 0.01 [valve_sound] mode_hz = 3600.0 effective_mass_g = 180.0 radiation_area_cm2 = 10.0 damping_ratio = 0.9 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -227.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -136.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -45.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 45.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 136.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 227.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = -30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -227.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -136.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ -45.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 45.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 136.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 30.0 [[geometry.cylinders]] origin_mm = [ 227.5, 0, 0 ] tilt_deg = 30.0 # intake [[geometry.pipes]] index = 0 points_mm = [ [ -473, 452.582, 0 ], [ -273, 452.582, 0 ] ] # runners 1 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 1 points_mm = [ [ -227.5, 384.0538, -43.6787 ], [ -227.5, 134.0538, -43.6787 ] ] # runners 2 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 2 points_mm = [ [ -136.5, 384.0538, -43.6787 ], [ -136.5, 134.0538, -43.6787 ] ] # runners 3 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 3 points_mm = [ [ -45.5, 384.0538, -43.6787 ], [ -45.5, 134.0538, -43.6787 ] ] # runners 4 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 4 points_mm = [ [ 45.5, 384.0538, -43.6787 ], [ 45.5, 134.0538, -43.6787 ] ] # runners 5 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 5 points_mm = [ [ 136.5, 384.0538, -43.6787 ], [ 136.5, 134.0538, -43.6787 ] ] # runners 6 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 6 points_mm = [ [ 227.5, 384.0538, -43.6787 ], [ 227.5, 134.0538, -43.6787 ] ] # runners 7 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 7 points_mm = [ [ -227.5, 384.0538, 43.6787 ], [ -227.5, 134.0538, 43.6787 ] ] # runners 8 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 8 points_mm = [ [ -136.5, 384.0538, 43.6787 ], [ -136.5, 134.0538, 43.6787 ] ] # runners 9 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 9 points_mm = [ [ -45.5, 384.0538, 43.6787 ], [ -45.5, 134.0538, 43.6787 ] ] # runners 10 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 10 points_mm = [ [ 45.5, 384.0538, 43.6787 ], [ 45.5, 134.0538, 43.6787 ] ] # runners 11 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 11 points_mm = [ [ 136.5, 384.0538, 43.6787 ], [ 136.5, 134.0538, 43.6787 ] ] # runners 12 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 12 points_mm = [ [ 227.5, 384.0538, 43.6787 ], [ 227.5, 134.0538, 43.6787 ] ] # primary_1 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 13 points_mm = [ [ -227.5, 101.2038, -100.5766 ], [ -226.1083, 90.9653, -112.2028 ], [ -222.0863, 80.6518, -121.6751 ], [ -215.6643, 70.3646, -129.1873 ], [ -207.0722, 60.2053, -134.9332 ], [ -196.5399, 50.2753, -139.1062 ], [ -184.2975, 40.6763, -141.9002 ], [ -170.575, 31.5097, -143.5089 ], [ -155.6025, 22.877, -144.1259 ], [ -139.6098, 14.8798, -143.9449 ], [ -122.8271, 7.6195, -143.1596 ], [ -105.4844, 1.1977, -141.9638 ], [ -87.8116, -4.2841, -140.551 ], [ -70.0387, -8.7245, -139.115 ], [ -52.3959, -12.0219, -137.8495 ], [ -35.113, -14.0747, -136.9481 ], [ -18.4202, -14.7816, -136.6046 ] ] # primary_2 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 14 points_mm = [ [ -136.5, 101.2038, -100.5766 ], [ -135.8239, 93.9039, -108.5849 ], [ -133.853, 85.9308, -115.3225 ], [ -130.6732, 77.4423, -120.8934 ], [ -126.3704, 68.5964, -125.4017 ], [ -121.0305, 59.551, -128.9513 ], [ -114.7394, 50.4638, -131.6465 ], [ -107.5832, 41.4928, -133.5911 ], [ -99.6476, 32.7959, -134.8893 ], [ -91.0187, 24.5308, -135.6451 ], [ -81.7824, 16.8556, -135.9625 ], [ -72.0245, 9.928, -135.9457 ], [ -61.8311, 3.906, -135.6986 ], [ -51.288, -1.0526, -135.3253 ], [ -40.4812, -4.79, -134.9298 ], [ -29.4966, -7.1481, -134.6162 ], [ -18.4202, -7.9693, -134.4886 ] ] # primary_3 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 15 points_mm = [ [ -45.5, 101.2038, -100.5766 ], [ -45.0636, 96.0541, -106.4923 ], [ -43.8303, 90.6495, -111.6666 ], [ -41.9139, 84.9992, -116.1491 ], [ -39.4283, 79.1125, -119.9895 ], [ -36.4873, 72.9988, -123.2374 ], [ -33.2048, 66.6673, -125.9425 ], [ -29.6945, 60.1273, -128.1544 ], [ -26.0705, 53.3882, -129.9227 ], [ -22.4464, 46.4591, -131.297 ], [ -18.9362, 39.3495, -132.3271 ], [ -15.6537, 32.0686, -133.0625 ], [ -12.7127, 24.6257, -133.5529 ], [ -10.2271, 17.0302, -133.8479 ], [ -8.3107, 9.2912, -133.9971 ], [ -7.0774, 1.4181, -134.0503 ], [ -6.641, -6.5798, -134.057 ] ] # primary_4 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 16 points_mm = [ [ 45.5, 101.2038, -100.5766 ], [ 45.0636, 96.0541, -106.4923 ], [ 43.8303, 90.6495, -111.6666 ], [ 41.9139, 84.9992, -116.1491 ], [ 39.4283, 79.1125, -119.9895 ], [ 36.4873, 72.9988, -123.2374 ], [ 33.2048, 66.6673, -125.9425 ], [ 29.6945, 60.1273, -128.1544 ], [ 26.0705, 53.3882, -129.9227 ], [ 22.4464, 46.4591, -131.297 ], [ 18.9362, 39.3495, -132.3271 ], [ 15.6537, 32.0686, -133.0625 ], [ 12.7127, 24.6257, -133.5529 ], [ 10.2271, 17.0302, -133.8479 ], [ 8.3107, 9.2912, -133.9971 ], [ 7.0774, 1.4181, -134.0503 ], [ 6.641, -6.5798, -134.057 ] ] # primary_5 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 17 points_mm = [ [ 136.5, 101.2038, -100.5766 ], [ 135.8239, 93.9039, -108.5849 ], [ 133.853, 85.9308, -115.3225 ], [ 130.6732, 77.4423, -120.8934 ], [ 126.3704, 68.5964, -125.4017 ], [ 121.0305, 59.551, -128.9513 ], [ 114.7394, 50.4638, -131.6465 ], [ 107.5832, 41.4928, -133.5911 ], [ 99.6476, 32.7959, -134.8893 ], [ 91.0187, 24.5308, -135.6451 ], [ 81.7824, 16.8556, -135.9625 ], [ 72.0245, 9.928, -135.9457 ], [ 61.8311, 3.906, -135.6986 ], [ 51.288, -1.0526, -135.3253 ], [ 40.4812, -4.79, -134.9298 ], [ 29.4966, -7.1481, -134.6162 ], [ 18.4202, -7.9693, -134.4886 ] ] # primary_6 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 18 points_mm = [ [ 227.5, 101.2038, -100.5766 ], [ 226.1083, 90.9653, -112.2028 ], [ 222.0863, 80.6518, -121.6751 ], [ 215.6643, 70.3646, -129.1873 ], [ 207.0722, 60.2053, -134.9332 ], [ 196.5399, 50.2753, -139.1062 ], [ 184.2975, 40.6763, -141.9002 ], [ 170.575, 31.5097, -143.5089 ], [ 155.6025, 22.877, -144.1259 ], [ 139.6098, 14.8798, -143.9449 ], [ 122.8271, 7.6195, -143.1596 ], [ 105.4844, 1.1977, -141.9638 ], [ 87.8116, -4.2841, -140.551 ], [ 70.0387, -8.7245, -139.115 ], [ 52.3959, -12.0219, -137.8495 ], [ 35.113, -14.0747, -136.9481 ], [ 18.4202, -14.7816, -136.6046 ] ] # primary_7 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 19 points_mm = [ [ -227.5, 101.2038, 100.5766 ], [ -226.1083, 90.9653, 112.2028 ], [ -222.0863, 80.6518, 121.6751 ], [ -215.6643, 70.3646, 129.1873 ], [ -207.0722, 60.2053, 134.9332 ], [ -196.5399, 50.2753, 139.1062 ], [ -184.2975, 40.6763, 141.9002 ], [ -170.575, 31.5097, 143.5089 ], [ -155.6025, 22.877, 144.1259 ], [ -139.6098, 14.8798, 143.9449 ], [ -122.8271, 7.6195, 143.1596 ], [ -105.4844, 1.1977, 141.9638 ], [ -87.8116, -4.2841, 140.551 ], [ -70.0387, -8.7245, 139.115 ], [ -52.3959, -12.0219, 137.8495 ], [ -35.113, -14.0747, 136.9481 ], [ -18.4202, -14.7816, 136.6046 ] ] # primary_8 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 20 points_mm = [ [ -136.5, 101.2038, 100.5766 ], [ -135.8239, 93.9039, 108.5849 ], [ -133.853, 85.9308, 115.3225 ], [ -130.6732, 77.4423, 120.8934 ], [ -126.3704, 68.5964, 125.4017 ], [ -121.0305, 59.551, 128.9513 ], [ -114.7394, 50.4638, 131.6465 ], [ -107.5832, 41.4928, 133.5911 ], [ -99.6476, 32.7959, 134.8893 ], [ -91.0187, 24.5308, 135.6451 ], [ -81.7824, 16.8556, 135.9625 ], [ -72.0245, 9.928, 135.9457 ], [ -61.8311, 3.906, 135.6986 ], [ -51.288, -1.0526, 135.3253 ], [ -40.4812, -4.79, 134.9298 ], [ -29.4966, -7.1481, 134.6162 ], [ -18.4202, -7.9693, 134.4886 ] ] # primary_9 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 21 points_mm = [ [ -45.5, 101.2038, 100.5766 ], [ -45.0636, 96.0541, 106.4923 ], [ -43.8303, 90.6495, 111.6666 ], [ -41.9139, 84.9992, 116.1491 ], [ -39.4283, 79.1125, 119.9895 ], [ -36.4873, 72.9988, 123.2374 ], [ -33.2048, 66.6673, 125.9425 ], [ -29.6945, 60.1273, 128.1544 ], [ -26.0705, 53.3882, 129.9227 ], [ -22.4464, 46.4591, 131.297 ], [ -18.9362, 39.3495, 132.3271 ], [ -15.6537, 32.0686, 133.0625 ], [ -12.7127, 24.6257, 133.5529 ], [ -10.2271, 17.0302, 133.8479 ], [ -8.3107, 9.2912, 133.9971 ], [ -7.0774, 1.4181, 134.0503 ], [ -6.641, -6.5798, 134.057 ] ] # primary_10 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 22 points_mm = [ [ 45.5, 101.2038, 100.5766 ], [ 45.0636, 96.0541, 106.4923 ], [ 43.8303, 90.6495, 111.6666 ], [ 41.9139, 84.9992, 116.1491 ], [ 39.4283, 79.1125, 119.9895 ], [ 36.4873, 72.9988, 123.2374 ], [ 33.2048, 66.6673, 125.9425 ], [ 29.6945, 60.1273, 128.1544 ], [ 26.0705, 53.3882, 129.9227 ], [ 22.4464, 46.4591, 131.297 ], [ 18.9362, 39.3495, 132.3271 ], [ 15.6537, 32.0686, 133.0625 ], [ 12.7127, 24.6257, 133.5529 ], [ 10.2271, 17.0302, 133.8479 ], [ 8.3107, 9.2912, 133.9971 ], [ 7.0774, 1.4181, 134.0503 ], [ 6.641, -6.5798, 134.057 ] ] # primary_11 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 23 points_mm = [ [ 136.5, 101.2038, 100.5766 ], [ 135.8239, 93.9039, 108.5849 ], [ 133.853, 85.9308, 115.3225 ], [ 130.6732, 77.4423, 120.8934 ], [ 126.3704, 68.5964, 125.4017 ], [ 121.0305, 59.551, 128.9513 ], [ 114.7394, 50.4638, 131.6465 ], [ 107.5832, 41.4928, 133.5911 ], [ 99.6476, 32.7959, 134.8893 ], [ 91.0187, 24.5308, 135.6451 ], [ 81.7824, 16.8556, 135.9625 ], [ 72.0245, 9.928, 135.9457 ], [ 61.8311, 3.906, 135.6986 ], [ 51.288, -1.0526, 135.3253 ], [ 40.4812, -4.79, 134.9298 ], [ 29.4966, -7.1481, 134.6162 ], [ 18.4202, -7.9693, 134.4886 ] ] # primary_12 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 24 points_mm = [ [ 227.5, 101.2038, 100.5766 ], [ 226.1083, 90.9653, 112.2028 ], [ 222.0863, 80.6518, 121.6751 ], [ 215.6643, 70.3646, 129.1873 ], [ 207.0722, 60.2053, 134.9332 ], [ 196.5399, 50.2753, 139.1062 ], [ 184.2975, 40.6763, 141.9002 ], [ 170.575, 31.5097, 143.5089 ], [ 155.6025, 22.877, 144.1259 ], [ 139.6098, 14.8798, 143.9449 ], [ 122.8271, 7.6195, 143.1596 ], [ 105.4844, 1.1977, 141.9638 ], [ 87.8116, -4.2841, 140.551 ], [ 70.0387, -8.7245, 139.115 ], [ 52.3959, -12.0219, 137.8495 ], [ 35.113, -14.0747, 136.9481 ], [ 18.4202, -14.7816, 136.6046 ] ] # tailpipe_25 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 25 points_mm = [ [ 218.4202, -70, -139.7787 ], [ 1718.4201, -70, -139.7787 ] ] # tailpipe_26 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 26 points_mm = [ [ 218.4202, -70, 139.7787 ], [ 1598.4201, -70, 139.7787 ] ] # secondary_27 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 27 points_mm = [ [ 18.4202, -29.1445, -126.905 ], [ 29.5401, -29.5568, -127.0496 ], [ 40.2911, -30.722, -127.4582 ], [ 50.7257, -32.5324, -128.0931 ], [ 60.8969, -34.8806, -128.9165 ], [ 70.8571, -37.659, -129.8909 ], [ 80.6593, -40.7601, -130.9783 ], [ 90.356, -44.0763, -132.1412 ], [ 100, -47.5, -133.3419 ], [ 109.644, -50.9237, -134.5425 ], [ 119.3407, -54.2399, -135.7054 ], [ 129.1429, -57.341, -136.7929 ], [ 139.1031, -60.1194, -137.7672 ], [ 149.2742, -62.4676, -138.5907 ], [ 159.7089, -64.278, -139.2256 ], [ 170.4599, -65.4432, -139.6342 ], [ 181.5798, -65.8555, -139.7787 ] ] # secondary_28 [[geometry.pipes]] index = 28 points_mm = [ [ 18.4202, -29.1445, 126.905 ], [ 29.5401, -29.5568, 127.0496 ], [ 40.2911, -30.722, 127.4582 ], [ 50.7257, -32.5324, 128.0931 ], [ 60.8969, -34.8806, 128.9165 ], [ 70.8571, -37.659, 129.8909 ], [ 80.6593, -40.7601, 130.9783 ], [ 90.356, -44.0763, 132.1412 ], [ 100, -47.5, 133.3419 ], [ 109.644, -50.9237, 134.5425 ], [ 119.3407, -54.2399, 135.7054 ], [ 129.1429, -57.341, 136.7929 ], [ 139.1031, -60.1194, 137.7672 ], [ 149.2742, -62.4676, 138.5907 ], [ 159.7089, -64.278, 139.2256 ], [ 170.4599, -65.4432, 139.6342 ], [ 181.5798, -65.8555, 139.7787 ] ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "intake_plenum" center_mm = [ 0, 452.582, 0 ] size_mm = [ 546, 137.0564, 160.3575 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_0" center_mm = [ 0, -25, -139.7787 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_1" center_mm = [ 0, -25, 139.7787 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_2" center_mm = [ 200, -70, -139.7787 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ] [[geometry.volumes]] id = "junction_3" center_mm = [ 200, -70, 139.7787 ] size_mm = [ 36.8403, 36.8403, 36.8403 ]