# Engine definition. Dimensional keys state their units.
schema_version = 2
id = "single-450"
name = "450 cc / carbureted four-stroke thumper"
category = "Singles / four-stroke"
description = "40 mm carb / mild valve timing / fixed idle stop"
order = 17
cycle = "four_stroke"

[simulation]
cells_per_meter = 20.0

[engine]
bank_angle_deg = 60.0
cylinders = 1
initial_rpm = 1960.0
initialize_phased_charge = true
layout = "inline"
maximum_load_torque_nm = 30.0
minimum_substeps = 1
phase_degrees = [0.0]
pipe_damping = 1.0
starter_torque_nm = 11.21926
throttle_diameter_mm = 40.0
topology = "collector"

[cylinder]
afr = 14.7
ambient_temperature_k = 300.0
bore_mm = 96.0
burn_duration_deg = 60.0
burn_start_deg = 5.0
compression = 10.0
energy_variation = 0.05
exhaust_valve_count = 1
exhaust_valve_diameter_mm = 30.72
fuel_lhv_j_per_kg = 4.4e+07
heat_transfer = 100.0
intake_valve_count = 1
intake_valve_diameter_mm = 36.48
misfire_probability = 0.0
rod_mm = 111.6
stroke_mm = 62.0
wall_area = 0.02
wiebe_a = 5.0
wiebe_m = 2.0

[crankshaft]
friction_constant_nm = 1.795081
friction_quadratic_nm_s2 = 0.0
friction_viscous_nm_s = 0.001795081
inertia_kg_m2 = 0.05385243

[ecu]
idle_base_opening = 0.045
idle_control = "fixed"
idle_ki = 4e-05
idle_kp = 0.0001
idle_max_opening = 0.25
idle_minimum_advance_deg = -5.0
idle_rpm = 1400.0
idle_spark_gain = 0.02
ignition_map = [[0.0, 10.0], [15000.0, 40.0]]
overrun_cut_rpm = 3500.0
overrun_fuel_cut_enabled = false
overrun_ignition_cut_enabled = true
overrun_resume_rpm = 2400.0
power_afr = 12.8
rev_limit_enabled = true
rev_limit_fuel_cut_enabled = false
rev_limit_rpm = 13000.0
rev_resume_rpm = 12990.0
stoichiometric_afr = 14.7
throttle_closing_rate = 0.0
throttle_closing_time_constant_s = 0.0
throttle_rate = 1000.0
throttle_time_constant_s = 0.001

[vehicle]
air_density = 1.225
clutch_capacity = 98.72945
clutch_engagement_rate = 8.0
drag_coefficient = 0.7
final_drive_ratio = 2.7
frontal_area = 0.65
gear_ratios = [4.1, 2.7, 2.0, 1.55, 1.25, 0.98]
gravity = 9.80665
mass_kg = 240.0
primary_reduction = 1.8
rolling_resistance = 0.015
rotational_inertia_kg_m2 = 1.2
wheel_radius_mm = 320.0

[fuel]
system = "carburetor"
pilot_jet_diameter_mm = 0.09349564
main_jet_diameter_mm = 2.091829
needle_jet_diameter_mm = 2.15284
needle_low_scale = 0.944
needle_mid_scale = 0.564
needle_off_idle_scale = 0.995
needle_quarter_scale = 0.835
needle_tip_scale = 0.97
needle_transition_scale = 1.6
needle_upper_scale = 0.65
bowl_capacity_kg = 0.1
bowl_refill_kg_per_s = 0.1

[[pipes]]
id = "intake"
diameter_mm = 75.0

[[pipes]]
id = "runners"
diameter_mm = 35.0

[[pipes]]
id = "primaries"
diameter_mm = 38.0

[[pipes]]
id = "tailpipe"
diameter_mm = 60.0

[cam.intake]
points = [
  [0.000, 0.000000],
  [355.000, 0.000000],
  [360.000, 0.244639],
  [365.000, 0.912213],
  [370.000, 1.903207],
  [375.000, 3.118108],
  [380.000, 4.457402],
  [385.000, 5.821574],
  [390.000, 7.111111],
  [395.000, 8.226498],
  [400.000, 9.068222],
  [405.000, 9.536767],
  [407.500, 9.600000],
  [512.500, 9.600000],
  [517.500, 9.355361],
  [522.500, 8.687787],
  [527.500, 7.696793],
  [532.500, 6.481892],
  [537.500, 5.142598],
  [542.500, 3.778426],
  [547.500, 2.488889],
  [552.500, 1.373502],
  [557.500, 0.531778],
  [562.500, 0.063233],
  [565.000, 0.000000],
  [720.000, 0.000000]
]

[cam.exhaust]
points = [
  [0.000, 0.000000],
  [145.000, 0.000000],
  [150.000, 0.192664],
  [155.000, 0.722110],
  [160.000, 1.515520],
  [165.000, 2.500077],
  [170.000, 3.602963],
  [175.000, 4.751361],
  [180.000, 5.872451],
  [185.000, 6.893417],
  [190.000, 7.741441],
  [195.000, 8.343705],
  [200.000, 8.627391],
  [201.250, 8.640001],
  [313.750, 8.640001],
  [318.750, 8.447337],
  [323.750, 7.917891],
  [328.750, 7.124481],
  [333.750, 6.139924],
  [338.750, 5.037038],
  [343.750, 3.888640],
  [348.750, 2.767550],
  [353.750, 1.746584],
  [358.750, 0.898560],
  [363.750, 0.296296],
  [368.750, 0.012610],
  [370.000, 0.000000],
  [720.000, 0.000000]
]

[valves.intake]
mass_g = 35.0
spring_rate_n_per_mm = 38.0
damping_n_s_per_m = 24.0
seat_force_n = 75.0
maximum_lift_mm = 15.0
seat_restitution = 0.005
cam_restitution = 0.01
stop_restitution = 0.01

[valves.exhaust]
mass_g = 35.0
spring_rate_n_per_mm = 38.0
damping_n_s_per_m = 24.0
seat_force_n = 75.0
maximum_lift_mm = 15.0
seat_restitution = 0.005
cam_restitution = 0.01
stop_restitution = 0.01

[valve_sound]
mode_hz = 3600.0
effective_mass_g = 180.0
radiation_area_cm2 = 10.0
damping_ratio = 0.9

[[geometry.cylinders]]
origin_mm = [ 0, 0, 0 ]
tilt_deg = 0.0

# intake
[[geometry.pipes]]
index = 0
points_mm = [
  [ -257, 141.4889, -374.8 ],
  [ -57, 141.4889, -374.8 ]
]

# runners
[[geometry.pipes]]
index = 1
points_mm = [
  [ 0, 141.4889, -288.4 ],
  [ 0, 141.4889, -38.4 ]
]

# primaries
[[geometry.pipes]]
index = 2
points_mm = [
  [ 0, 141.4889, 48 ],
  [ 0.943, 138.6704, 60.5191 ],
  [ 3.6081, 134.2865, 71.5364 ],
  [ 7.7491, 128.4585, 81.1477 ],
  [ 13.1202, 121.3077, 89.4488 ],
  [ 19.4754, 112.9555, 96.5354 ],
  [ 26.5685, 103.5233, 102.5034 ],
  [ 34.1536, 93.1325, 107.4485 ],
  [ 41.9848, 81.9043, 111.4664 ],
  [ 49.8159, 69.9601, 114.6529 ],
  [ 57.4011, 57.4214, 117.1039 ],
  [ 64.4942, 44.4093, 118.915 ],
  [ 70.8493, 31.0454, 120.1821 ],
  [ 76.2204, 17.451, 121.0009 ],
  [ 80.3615, 3.7474, 121.4672 ],
  [ 83.0265, -9.944, 121.6767 ],
  [ 83.9696, -23.502, 121.7253 ]
]

# tailpipe
[[geometry.pipes]]
index = 3
points_mm = [
  [ 131.4981, -55, 135.8 ],
  [ 1631.4981, -55, 135.8 ]
]

[[geometry.volumes]]
id = "intake_plenum"
center_mm = [ 0, 141.4889, -374.8 ]
size_mm = [ 114, 50.7635, 172.8 ]

[[geometry.volumes]]
id = "exhaust_collector"
center_mm = [ 100, -55, 135.8 ]
size_mm = [ 62.9961, 62.9961, 62.9961 ]